I found this article regarding the history of the dune buggy and thought I would post it to the blog.
The dune buggy did have an inventor and can trace its roots back to its Adam, an elemental machine called Old Red. The first vehicle that we know as the dune buggy was invented by Bruce Meyers of California in 1964, with a big assist from Dr. Ferdinand Porsche.
“It was the genius of his design that made it all possible,” said Mr. Meyers, now 81 and still building buggies here in Valley Center, about 40 miles north of San Diego. “The transaxle-rear engine placed all the driveline weight over the driving wheels. The air-cooled engine, with no radiator, simplified water worries. The trailing arm suspension, like on commercial airliners, allowed the wheels to move away, rearwards and up.”
Mr. Meyers took a standard Beetle of the era, threw away the body, shortened the frame, fitted fatter tires and bolted on a fiberglass tub with two seats. Voilà! — the dune buggy, which he called the Meyers Manx, was born. It was as simple as that. It would prove to be too simple, in fact.
“By what I did to it, I made it better five ways, all for improved off-road performance,” Mr. Meyers said. “I made it lighter and quicker, gave it a shorter turning radius, moved the people farther aft for more traction, and increased belly clearance.”
Still, it was just a Beetle then and no more than a novelty.
The Kübelwagen, the German Army’s version of the jeep in World War II, was based on the Beetle. Many models of the jeep weighed more than 2,200 pounds, but the Kübelwagen was less than 1,700. “The Kübel got twice the fuel mileage as the jeep,” Mr. Meyers said. “When a jeep got stuck, a tank had to tow it out; when the Kübel got stuck, four soldiers could bounce it out. It was just as good in snow as it was in sand.”
Mr. Meyers, who grew up in and around Newport Beach, Calif., knew the car was good in sand; he’d tested it in the desert of Baja California.
Motorcyclists ruled Baja then, setting several unofficial time, endurance and speed records running between various towns. The most storied accomplishment was a 1,000-mile ride in 1962, through roadless deserts, from Tijuana to La Paz by Dave Ekins and Bill Robertson Jr. on Honda 250 Scramblers. It took Mr. Ekins just under 40 hours.
Over the next five years, dozens of other motorcyclists, daredevils in cars and trucks and even automaker-backed efforts, tried to beat the record. Mr. Meyers figured his four-wheel creation was tough enough to do it.
“Here was the allure of unmistakable adventure,” Mr. Meyers recalled. “Add a certain amount of youthful exuberance, and my co-pilot’s wisdom of planning, and I thought we could do the unthinkable — beat world-class riders on factory motorcycles across open country. I thought it could lead to kit sales for my Manx.”
So, in April 1967, Mr. Meyers and his co-rider, Ted Mangels, an engineering and logistical whiz, got into Old Red with 65 gallons of gasoline, most of it in plastic jugs, and set out from Tijuana for a nonstop run to La Paz. They arrived 34 hours, 45 minutes later.
“Almost overnight we had 350 orders,” he said.
By November, the first Baja race (called the Mexican 1000 then) was held. Fittingly, a Manx driven by Mr. Mangels and Vic Wilson won that first race. The 40th annual Baja 1000 will be held this November, with Mr. Meyers and a Manx leading a ceremonial start.
Another memorable Manx moment: Steve McQueen raced one in a scene from the 1968 film, “The Thomas Crown Affair.” The Manx was on magazine covers and was the subject of do-it-yourself articles and technical treatises.
For a time, the Manx made Mr. Meyers a wealthy man. But he made one very large mistake: He failed to patent his idea. When he finally did, years later, a judge ruled it invalid because the idea had been in public use for too long by then, Mr. Meyers said.
Within two years, more than 70 companies, by his count, were building knockoffs. Even Sears offered a buggy called the Rascal. It has been estimated that more than 100,000 faux Manxes were turned out; about 5,000 true Manxes were made.
Because it was so simple to convert a Beetle to a buggy, almost anyone could do it. By 1970, the copycats had put Mr. Meyers out of business.
He had nothing more to do with dune buggies for nearly a quarter-century. But in 1994, after he was treated like a rock star at a motoring event in, of all places, Le Mans, France, Mr. Meyers said he started to think about reviving Old Red.
In 2000, he announced a limited-edition production run of 100 Manx kits for $2,000 each.
“I wondered if I’d sell any,” he said. Instead, he got orders for all 100 in the first month.
It seemed that fans of dune buggies were willing to pay a premium for an authentic one, built by Bruce Meyers himself. The very problem that had put him out of business in the first place — knockoffs — now made a real Manx a collectible.
But Mr. Meyers had new problems. He felt honor-bound not to make more than 100 to retain their value to collectors. He had also set the price too low and was scarcely making money.
Mr. Meyers solved his predicament by designing a new version, called the Manxter, which would seat four, not two like the original. The Manxter also has a trunk. And it would come complete, not in kit form.
The Manxter 2+2 appeared in 2001, at a price of $5,395. Mr. Meyers said he had built nearly 100 — about as many orders as a man his age, still working mostly alone, can handle. It is still underpinned by the same Beetle mechanicals. It is still essentially a version of Old Red, Mr. Meyers’ little creation that beat Baja, started a sport, and a new form of transportation.